Bruxism is the act of grinding teeth together using the jaw muscles. This can include the actions of clenching or striking the teeth together. Teeth grinding is well known among humans, but it can occur in dogs as well. Mild teeth grinding may not cause any issues, but frequent grinding or clenching of the teeth can lead to problems with the teeth and jaw.
Not all dogs grind their teeth. When they do, there are a few potential reasons why.
Many dogs will grind their teeth as a response to pain or discomfort. Dogs don't typically exhibit signs of pain the way humans do. Many dogs try to hide their pain by acting as normal as possible; this is part of their survival instinct. A small behavior like teeth grinding may be the only hint you have that there is something wrong in your dog's mouth.
Potential causes of oral pain include periodontal disease, rotten teeth, oral infections, fractured teeth, injury to the oral mucous membranes or tongue, and oral growths or tumors. Some puppies will grind their teeth while they are teething or when there is a loose tooth. Fortunately, most puppies grow out of the behavior once their adult teeth have come in.
A malocclusion occurs when there are misaligned teeth preventing the jaws from closing the teeth together properly and evenly. In dogs, it is sometimes called an "abnormal bite" and may be seen as an underbite or overbite. Malocclusions cause the teeth to grind against other teeth involuntarily as a part of normal mouth movement.
Just like oral pain can make some dogs grind their teeth, pain or discomfort in the esophagus, stomach, or intestines can do the same. Teeth grinding in response to pain may be a way for dogs to self-soothe or distract from the pain.
Stress and anxiety are leading causes of bruxism in humans. In dogs, this reaction to anxiety and stress is less common but can still occur. This type of teeth grinding may happen unconsciously while dogs sleep. Some dogs may have focal seizures where the only thing noticed is teeth chattering.
Mild, infrequent teeth grinding may not cause problems in a dog. However, over time, grinding the teeth can cause significant wear to the tooth enamel and dentin. Once worn down enough, the teeth may become severely painful and damaged. If the pulp inside the tooth becomes exposed, the dog may develop a serious infection.
You may not be aware of your dog's teeth grinding at first. The sound of it may be subtle or it may sound like chattering or grinding. You may or may not see the movement of the jaw muscles and mouth unless you look very closely.
Do not ignore teeth grinding in your dog, even if it seems mild. If you notice signs of teeth grinding in your dog, be sure to contact your veterinarian's office to schedule an appointment. The vet will evaluate your dog's mouth and do a physical examination to look for an underlying cause.
Your vet will likely recommend lab tests or imaging to evaluate your dog's organ function and overall health. These tests may reveal underlying conditions that might be causing the bruxism. In addition, they can help your vet determine the safest methods to use for anesthesia, sedation, pain management, and other therapies.
Based on the exam findings, your dog may need an oral examination and professional dental cleaning to determine the extent of the damage and/or begin treatment. Your dog will be put under anesthesia and the teeth will be closely examined. Dental radiographs (X-rays) may be performed to assess the teeth and jaw.
If your vet determines that the teeth grinding is not related to a health problem, then there is a chance your dog is experiencing anxiety or stress. Your vet may be able to offer advice on how to ease your dog's stress using environmental changes, medications, and behavior modification. You may wish to seek help from an animal behaviorist or dog trainer to help you work with your dog.
You may be able to prevent the harmful effect of teeth grinding if it is caught early. Be sure to bring your dog to the vet for routine wellness visits as recommended, usually once or twice a year.
What to Do if Your Cat Is Snoring
Cat snoring can happen for several reasons. Find out if your cat's snoring is normal or caused by a medical issue. Know when to call the vet about your cat snoring.
Turkish Angora: Cat Breed Profile, Characteristics & Care
The elegant and silky Turkish Angora cat is a playful, affectionate, and sometimes mischievous pet. Learn about the Turkish Angora breed.
Toyger: Cat Breed Profile, Characteristics & Care
The toyger (toy tiger) cat is a beautiful, rare breed with an easygoing demeanor. These cats are hard to come by but make excellent pets.
Donskoy: Cat Breed Profile, Characteristics & Care
Donsky cat, or Don Sphynx, is a hairless cat that's known for being affectionate, social, and remarkably intelligent. Learn more about the Donsky cat breed.
Japanese Bobtail: Cat Breed Profile, Characteristics & Care
The Japanese bobtail is recognized for its bunny-like tail and is loved for its friendly, playful personality. Learn about the Japanese bobtail breed.
How to Stop Cat Aggression After a Vet Visit
Cats are usually out of sorts and ornery after a trip to the veterinarian. Learn how to stop cat aggression by planning ahead with these tips.
Why Do Cats Like High Places?
Does your cat like to hang out on top of tall furniture? Here's why cats like high places.
Rectal Prolapse in Dogs
Rectal prolapse in a dog can be an alarming thing to see. Find out why this happens, how to prevent it, and how to heal dog prolapse at home.
Is Acetaminophen Safe for Dogs?
Acetaminophen is used by humans for pain and fever relief, but is it safe for dogs? Here's what you need to know before giving your dog acetaminophen.
Dog Broken Toe: Signs and Treatment
Dogs can break their toes for several reasons. Find out how to tell if your dog has a broken toe. Learn what you need to do and what restrictions your dog may have to let a broken toe heal.
Tetanus in Dogs
Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria found in soil. It can cause severe symptoms in dogs and even lead to death if not treated promptly.
Swedish Vallhund: Dog Breed Characteristics & Care
The Swedish vallhund makes for a high-energy and affectionate companion. Learn about the breed's history, health, exercise needs, and more.
Afghan Hound: Dog Breed Characteristics & Care
The Afghan hound is a majestic dog breed, known for its luxurious long coat and sweet personality. Learn about cost, care, and training needs.
Irish Setter (Red Setter): Dog Breed Characteristics & Care
The Irish setter, also known as the red setter, stands out from the crowd with their striking red coat and athletic nature. Learn about this gentle and affectionate dog breed.
Clumber Spaniel: Dog Breed Characteristics & Care
The Clumber spaniel is a friendly, calm dog and a great family pet who gets along with kids. Just beware of this rare breed's shedding and drool.
Reasons Why Dogs Grind Their Teeth
Some dogs grind their teeth. Learn why dogs grind their teeth and if it can be harmful. Find out what to do about teeth grinding in dogs.
Therapy Dog Certification: A Complete Guide in 6 Steps
Could your dog be trained to serve as a therapy dog? Here's how you and your dog can become an official animal-assisted therapy team.
Here’s How to Stop Your Dog from Jumping on You When Excited
Although it can be cute the first few times your dog jumps on you, it can quickly turn into a bad habit, especially if your pooch starts jumping on strangers. Here’s how to stop your dog from jumping on you when excited.
Why Do Dogs Howl at Sirens?
Howling at sirens is something that dogs are well known for, but why do some dogs do it while others seem unbothered?
How to Train a Labrador Retriever
Proper training is an essential part of owning a Labrador retriever. These smart dogs can be trained to be service dogs, hunters, and excellent companions.
